With airspace closures stretching from the Gulf to the Eastern Mediterranean, airlines are rerouting flights through narrow corridors over Egypt and southern Saudi Arabia, resulting in increased fuel consumption and extended delays.

Airlines that had already altered routes to avoid Russian and Ukrainian airspace now face overlapping diversions that exacerbate costs.

Brent crude has risen by approximately 8%, intensifying financial strain on carriers and the potential for higher passenger fares in the wake of these heightened geopolitical and logistical pressures.